Since then, hybrid rice has helped increase rice production which yields 1. The aim of this study is to develop, validate and deploy a single seed sampling strategy for markerassisted selection of fixed lines in rice that is more efficient, costeffective and convenient compared to leafbased sampling protocols without compromising the accuracy of the markerassisted selection results. Increasing yield has become the most core goal of rice production. Feb 07, 2008 marker assisted selection mas can be used for monitoring the presence or absence of these genes in breeding populations and can be combined with conventional breeding approaches.
This method is used when the trait of interest is present within the gene pool of the crop of interest transgenic. Identification of novel and candidate mirnas in rice by high throughput sequencing sunkar r, zhou x, zheng y, zhang w, zhu jk bmc plant biol. Doctoral dissertation application of marker assisted. Now, however, biotechnology has considerably shortened the time to 710 years for new crop varieties to be brought to the market. Molecular tagging, allele mining and marker aided breeding for blast resistance in rice bsn e. Mar 26, 20 marker assisted selection is very helpful when screening for among the genes involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins and proanthocyanins pas that are candidates for marker development, we examined the expression of five genes encoding chs, chi, f3h, dfr, and ans in the seeds of nonpigmented white and pigmented black and red rice cultivars. Molecular markerassisted selection for enhanced yield in malting barley.
However, in that case the effect of other genes not covered by the marker would be ignored. Pcr assays for the lr37yr17sr38 cluster of rust resistance genes and their use to develop isogenic hard red spring wheat lines m. New rice varieties using marker assisted selection technique. Pyramiding and editing of functionally characterized rice genes regulating important agronomic traits by molecular markerassisted selection and crispr are 2 promising approaches used to breed new rice varieties in recent years 5557. Along with markerassisted selection mas, we practiced stringent phenotypic selection in the target environment in all the generations for faster recovery of the recurrent parent genotype. The use of markerassisted selection in animal breeding.
Markerassisted selection, backcross, rice, bacterial leaf blight disease. Amendola 2, 42122 reggio emilia, italy and 2 department of information engineering, university of modena and reggio emilia, via. Molecular breeding or marker assisted selection genetic engineering and gm. Efforts to bring markerassisted breeding mab into wide adoption for horticultural crop improvement will benefit from targeted utilization of synteny among related crops and information from model plants to develop markers for use in standard breeding methods, e. Markerassisted selection for grain number and yieldrelated traits of. Introduction marker assisted selection mas refers to the use of dna markers that are tightlylinked to target loci as a substitute for or to assist phenotypic screening or the use of genetic markers with the phenotypes in a process called marker assisted selection. Rice, molecular markers, polymorphism, foreground and background selection sabina akhtar et al. Molecular markers and markerassisted selection in rice. The use of markerassisted selection in animal breeding and biotechnology j. Mas refers to the use of dna markers that are tightlylinked to target loci as a substitute for or to assist phenotypic screening. Marker assisted selection or marker aided selection mas is an indirect selection process where a trait of interest is selected based on a marker morphological, biochemical or dnarna variation linked to a trait of interest e. Among the genes involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins and proanthocyanins pas that are candidates for marker development, we examined the expression of.
Markerassisted selection an overview sciencedirect topics. Dec 28, 2017 li j, xia m, qi h, he g, wan b, zha z 2006 markerassisted selection for brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens stal resistance genes bph14 and bph15 in rice. Marker assisted selection using ten to 19 rflp marker loci was performed during the nil development process. Note that homozygotes can be selected from the f2 population. Marker assisted backcross breeding has been used to effectively integrate major genes or quantitative trait loci with large effect into widely grown varieties. Jun 30, 2017 new rice varieties using marker assisted selection technique biotec and nstda joined the national rice and farmers day 2017 held during 35 june 2017 at the rice department, bangkok. Developing methods to select for drought tolerance in rainfed lowland rice there is growing evidence that varieties can be developed for improved yield under drought stress and respond well to favorablywatered conditions i. The use of marker assisted selection in animal breeding and biotechnology j. Pigmented traits in rice seeds are regarded as important breeding goals for crop improvement. Markerassisted development of bacterial blight resistant. Development and characterization of huge mutagenetic population of samba mahsuri, a popular mega variety of rice for enhancing scope of marker assisted selection. Lr37yr17 along with a linked stem rust resistance gene sr38 have been introgressed from aegilops ventricosa on wheat chromosome 2al.
Marker assisted pyramiding of two disease resistance genes. Marker assisted selection in tomato pathway approach for. We improved the blast and bacterial blight resistance of guangzhan634s, an elite photoperiod and thermosensitive male sterile ptgms line widely used in twoline hybrid rice, by introducing the r genes pi2 and xa7 conferring resistance to rice. Simple sequence repeat ssr markers are easily available for any region of the genome, and candidate gene markers are being developed rapidly. In mas, the first step is to use phenotypes and genotypes to identify genetic markers associated with the trait, employing the approaches described earlier. The main advantage is that many plants with unwanted gene combinations, especially those that lack essential disease resistance traits and plant height, can be simply discarded. Jul 24, 2019 the aim of this study is to develop, validate and deploy a single seed sampling strategy for marker assisted selection of fixed lines in rice that is more efficient, costeffective and convenient compared to leafbased sampling protocols without compromising the accuracy of the marker assisted selection results. Pdf rice variety improvement using markerassisted selection. The use markerassisted selection to improve the rooting quality of the variety kalinga iii was a second aim of this project.
Siputeh as the recurrent female was crossed with the donor line wh421, an elite paternal line of hybrid rice containing the sd1, wx b, xa4 and xa21 genes, followed by backcrossing and selfpollination. Marker assisted selection for resistance to rice yellow. Department of plant breeding, cornell university ithaca, new york 148531901 i. Developing markerassisted selection strategies for. The improvement of blast disease resistance of rice oryza sativa l. Markerassisted selection in rice breeding programs in hokkaido. Marker assisted selection mas for participatory plant. Application of marker assisted selection for breeding drought tolerant rice oryza sativa l. Markerassisted selection food and agriculture organization of the. Developing markerassisted selection strategies for breeding hybrid rice yunbi xu ricetec, inc. Mas is a process in which a marker is used for indirect.
Traditional strategies for the use of molecular data for genetic improvement involve a twostep approach, leading to markerassisted selection mas 97. The development of a deep and thick root system in rice has been. Accelerated molecular breeding of a novel ptgms line. This set included the the 2ns chromosome segment is not expected to recomcultivars attila, avocet, brooks, cavalier, chinese spring, bine with the 2as chromosome segment in the presence of. Marker assisted selection is a powerful tool in breeding for disease resistance. Markerassisted selection for the rice blast resistance. Mas is applicable for genetic improvement of plants as well as animals. Marker assisted selection mas refers to indirect selection for a desired plant phenotype based on the banding pattern of linked molecular dna markers. Marker assisted selection refers to indirect selection for a desired plant phenotype based on the banding pattern of linked molecular dna markers. No doubt the cost of using dna markers is expensive but it is worth the investment. The use of markerassisted selection in animal breeding and. Markerassisted selection mas, which can select the plants with chromosomal regions tagged with dna markers for desirable traits, is an.
Marker development for the identification of rice seed color. Traditional strategies for the use of molecular data for genetic improvement involve a twostep approach, leading to marker assisted selection mas 97. Agricultural biotechnology is the term used in crop and livestock improvement through biotechnology tools. Development of rice lines for bacterial leaf blight. Markerassisted selection for the rice blast resistance gene piar in a backcross population in the inheritance study, the frequencies of the classes obtained were tested for significance by.
Mas forward selection, background selection, combining traits, relative efficiency of selection. The information from the dna testing, combined with the observed performance records for individuals, is intended to improve the accuracy of selection and increase the possibility of. Breeding twoline hybrid rice with disease resistance is an effective approach to stabilize rice yield in commercial rice production of china. It involves statistical modeling and novel bioinformatics tools to predict how well an individual plant is performing before testing in the field. Molecular markers and markerassisted breeding in plants. One of the tools which can make it easier and faster for scientists to select plant traits is marker assisted selection mas. Markerfree carotenoidenriched rice generated through. Genomic selection or genomewide selection is a specific case of markerassisted selection in which information from markers distributed across the whole genome is used in selection. One of the most intuitive stages to use markers to select plants is at an early generation especially f2 or f3. A set of bc 2 f 6 progenies selected for semidwarf stature, bacterial blight resistance, aroma and nonsticky grains and. Plates were centrifuged at 3,500 rpm at rt for 10 min to generate an aqueous phase and an organic phase. May 08, 2017 introduction marker assisted selection mas refers to the use of dna markers that are tightlylinked to target loci as a substitute for or to assist phenotypic screening or the use of genetic markers with the phenotypes in a process called marker assisted selection. Markerassisted selection current status and future perspectives in crops, livestock, forestry and fish.
Hybrid rice technology helped china to increase production from 140 million tons in 1978 to 188 million tons in 1990. Markerassisted selection mas serve as one of the best ways to introduce qtls gene associated with yield in the rice plant. Markerassisted selection molecular mapping and cloning of. Linked pair of genes lr76yr70 were introgressed from. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Markerassisted selection using ten to 19 rflp marker loci was performed during the nil development process. Mas is a biotechnology tool that could greatly accelerate conventional breeding of crops, livestock, farmed fish and trees. So far, about 40 major blast genes have been identified, about 30 genes have been mapped on different rice chromosomes, and tightly linked dna markers have been developed. Identification of polymorphisms in databased sequences. Markerassisted selection mas can be used for monitoring the presence or absence of these genes in breeding populations and can be combined with conventional breeding approaches. Dubcovsky abstract cultivars by the use of the ph1 gene riley and chap rust resistance genes lr37, sr38, and yr17 are located within a man, 1958 that promotes homeologous chromosome.
Molecular markerassisted selection mas is currently being employed in two areas of rice breeding at the university of arkansas rice research and extension center rrec in stuttgart. Nevertheless, like the other plants, the growth of rice was disrupted by insect pests attacking, which will lead to significantly yield loss as the. The use marker assisted selection to improve the rooting quality of the variety kalinga iii was a second aim of this project. Marker development for rice blast resistance gene pi66t. Assisted selection for breeding drought tolerant rice. The status of rice as a model crop and the sequencing of the indica and japonica genomes have provided breeders with the necessary tools for marker assisted breeding. Molecular tagging, allele mining and marker aided breeding. The process of developing new crop varieties can take almost 25 years. A dominant gene marker is utilized in monitoring the incorporation of the rice blast resis. Biotechnology tool for rice molecular breeding article pdf available january 2015 with 1,243 reads how we measure reads.
One plant from each one of the 86 progenies was transplanted to pots containing 6. This method is used when the trait of interest is not present within the gene pool of the crop of interest. Williams division of genetics and genomics, roslin institute edinburgh, roslin, midlothian, scotland, eh25 9ps, united kingdom summary improvement of livestock has focused on the selective breeding of individuals with superior phenotypes. An example from thailand boonrat jongdeea, grienggrai pantuwanb, shu fukaic, ken fischerc a ubon ratchathani rice research center, ubon ratchathani 34000, thailand b rice research institute, bangkok, thailand c school of land and food sciences, the university of queensland, brisbane, qld 4072, australia. Marker assisted selection is the process of using the results of dna testing in the selection of individuals to become parents for the next generations. The use of dna markers in plant breeding is called marker assisted selection mas.
Benefits and limits of an important biotech tool fao publishes study on marker assisted selection 24 july 2007, rome the biotechnology tool of marker assisted selection mas has raised high expectations for increasing genetic progress through breeding. Dec 18, 2014 marker assisted selection is a molecular breeding process whereby a molecular marker based on dna variation is used for indirect selection of an interest agronomic trait. Genetic analysis of drought resistance in rice by molecular markers. Jena kk, jeung ju, lee jh, choi hc, brar ds 2006 highresolution mapping of a new brown planthopper bph resistance gene, bph18t, and markerassisted selection for bph resistance in rice oryza sativa l. The use of molecular markers is often less expensive than the. Molecular markers are indispensable tools for measuring the diversit. Development and characterization of huge mutagenetic population of samba mahsuri, a popular mega variety of rice for enhancing scope of marker assisted selection presenting author. This material is based upon work supported by the u. Traitrelated markers have many benefits over conventional methods of selection for disease resistance cao et al 2001, knox and clarke 2007, a.
Optimal selection should aim for qtl as well as for polygenes. Marker assisted selection is not affected by environments and can be conducted at any plant growth stage. A genotypic and phenotypic information source for markerassisted selection of cereals. In this way, the selection of target traits can be achieved indirectly using molecular markers that are closely linked to underlying genes or that have been developed from the actual gene sequences. Markerassisted selection is very helpful when screening for target seed color traits in the early stages of plant development. Pathway approach for candidate gene identification and introduction to metabolic pathway databases. Markerassisted breeding of indonesia local rice variety. Pdf molecular markerassisted selection mas is currently being employed in two areas of. Mackill plant breeding, genetics and biotechnology division, international rice research institute irri. Uploaded files international rice research institute. Unnat pbw343 has been developed by pau, ludhiana through marker assisted backcross breeding by pyramiding two leaf rust and two stripe rust resistance genes lr76yr70lr37yr17.
Genotyping of rflps was accomplished according to the methods described in helentjaris et al. Application of marker assisted selection for breeding drought tolerant. Markerassisted backcross breeding has been used to effectively integrate major genes or quantitative trait loci with large effect into widely grown varieties. Mas is based on the concept that it is possible to infer the presence of a gene from the presence of a marker which is tightly linked to the gene of interest. Selection of the rflp probe to be converted a diverse set of wheat cultivars was analyzed to validate into a pcr marker the caps marker for the 2as allele. More specifi cally, plant breeding will benefi t from the use of genomics tools through i more eff ectively. While there are several applications of dna markers in breeding, the most promising for cultivar development is called marker assisted selection mas. Fine mapping and dna markerassisted pyramiding of the three major genes for blast resistance in rice. Scientists are using mas to genetically improve certain characteristics or traits productivity, disease. Sequence tagged site markerassisted selection for three bacterial blight resistance genes in rice. So far, about 40 major blast genes have been identified, about 30 genes. Chapter 15 basics of marker assisted selection 124 selection of animals could be based on genetic marke r information only.
Improving drought tolerance in rainfed lowland rice. The blast resistance r gene pi66t was previously mapped to a 129kb genomic region on chromosome 11, where six candidate r. Pdf marker assisted selection in rice researchgate. A hygromycin resistance selectable marker gene is present on the backbone of pcam0crisprb, which allows for subsequent selection of rice transformants carrying the cas9grna module using the.
Thus, this database would play an important role in future rice breeding. The 19 target loci were chosen to represent regions on all 10 chromosomes and an attempt was made to sample both arms of each chromosome. Development of a seed dnabased genotyping system for. New rice varieties using marker assisted selection technique biotec and nstda joined the national rice and farmers day 2017 held during 35 june 2017 at the rice department, bangkok. By taking into account farmers preferences, adequate varietal screening process and markerassisted selection, it can be expected that the new rice varieties to be developed will make great impact in rice production in west africa. J phytol 210 2010 6681 corresponding author, email.